Heraclitus of Ephesus was a presocratic philosopher best known for his doctrine of constant change.
He famously argued that reality is never static, expressing this idea with the phrase panta rhei, meaning “everything flows.” According to Heraclitus, change is not a problem to be explained away, but the fundamental nature of reality itself.
Fire played a central role in his philosophy, symbolizing transformation and process. Heraclitus also emphasized the role of the logos, a rational principle that governs change and brings order to apparent chaos. Although the world seems unstable, it follows a rational structure that can be understood through reason. His philosophy challenged traditional views of permanence and deeply influenced later metaphysical thought.
– Heraclitus of Ephesus
Reading Comprehension Multiple Choice
1. What is Heraclitus best known for?
2. What does the phrase panta rhei mean?
True / False
3. Heraclitus believed reality was stable and unchanging.
4. The logos brings rational order to change.
Fill in the Gaps
5. Fire symbolized __________ and process in Heraclitus’ philosophy.
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